OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE
Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
CAS: 5470-11-1
Molecular Formula: NH2OH·HCl
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Hydroxylamine hydrochloride |
| Synonyms | Oxammionium Hydroxylamine OXAMMONIUM HCL Oxammonium Hcl Hydroxylamine Hcl hydroxylaminechloride Hydroxylaminechloride Oxammonium Hydrochloride OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE Hydroxyammonium Chloride hydroxyaminehydrochloride Hydroxylammonium Chloride Hydroxyaminehydrochloride Hydroxylamine hydrochloride HydroxyLamine-Hydrochioride HYDROXYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE REAGENT (ACS), LOW MERCURY |
| CAS | 5470-11-1 |
| EINECS | 226-798-2 |
| InChI | InChI=1/ClH.H3NO/c;1-2/h1H;2H,1H2 |
| InChIKey | WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | NH2OH·HCl |
| Molar Mass | 69.49 |
| Density | 1.67g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 155-157°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 56.5°C at 760 mmHg |
| Water Solubility | 560 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Solubility | Soluble in water, soluble in alcohol and glycerin, insoluble in cold water and ether. |
| Vapor Presure | 0.054 Pa (50 °C) |
| Appearance | White needle crystal |
| Color | White to off-white |
| Merck | 14,4828 |
| BRN | 3539763 |
| PH | 2.5-3.5 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) |
| Storage Condition | Store at +15°C to +25°C. |
| Stability | Substances to be avoided include strong oxidizing agents. Heating above 115 C may cause explosion; do not store above 65C. Moisture and air sensitive. |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| MDL | MFCD00051089 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | White Crystal, deliquescent, specific gravity (17 ℃)1.67 |
| Use | It is mainly used for reducing agents and imaging agents, for the preparation of oxime in organic synthesis, and also as a raw material for the synthesis of anticancer drugs (hydroxyurea), sulfa drugs (sulfamethoxazole) and pesticides (methomyl). It is used as a depolarization agent in Electroanalysis, a short-term stop agent for non-coloring in synthetic rubber industry, and the determination of acetal degree. |
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Risk and Safety
| Risk Codes | R22 - Harmful if swallowed R36/38 - Irritating to eyes and skin. R43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact R48/22 - Harmful danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R50 - Very Toxic to aquatic organisms R40 - Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect R21/22 - Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed. R2 - Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition |
| Safety Description | S22 - Do not breathe dust. S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S37 - Wear suitable gloves. S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. |
| UN IDs | UN 2923 8/PG 2 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | NC3675000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 21 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 28251000 |
| Hazard Class | 8 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in mice: 408 mg/kg (Riemann) |
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Reference
| Reference Show more | 1. Yu F, Su M, Tian L, Wang H, Liu H. Organic Solvent as Internal Standards for Quantitative and High-Throughput Liquid Interfacial SERS Analysis in Complex Media. Anal Chem. 2018 Apr 17;90(8):5232-5238. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00008. 2. [IF=6.986] Fanfan Yu et al."Organic Solvent as Internal Standards for Quantitative and High-Throughput Liquid Interfacial SERS Analysis in Complex Media."Anal Chem. 2018;90(8):5232–5238 |
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
colorless or white monoclinic crystals. Relative density 1. 67 (17 ℃). Melting point of 151 deg C, relatively stable at room temperature, heating is higher than 151 deg C decomposition. Soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, glycerol, insoluble in ether. Strong hygroscopicity, moisture after the gradual decomposition, emission of corrosive, irritating smoke. Has a strong reduction. Corrosive.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Preparation Method
Open Data Verified Data
In an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite, a certain amount of sodium metabisulfite is added in portions and then acidified with sulfuric acid. The acidified feed liquid was sent to the hydrolysis kettle, a certain amount of acetone was added, and then neutralized with alkali. The neutralized solution was distilled to give Acetone oxime. Acetone oxime reacts with hydrochloric acid to form hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetone. After hydroxylamine hydrochloride reaches a certain concentration, cooling crystallization, centrifugal separation and drying can be carried out. Alternatively, hydroxylamine hydrochloride can be obtained by the reaction of nitromethane with hydrochloric acid and water.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Application
Open Data Verified Data
In analytical chemistry, it is used for the examination of aldehydes and ketones organic compounds and the microanalysis of sulfonic acids, and is used as a depolarization agent in Electroanalysis. It is also used as a reducing agent and an imaging agent, and is used in organic synthesis to prepare each oxime. The pharmaceutical industry is used to produce sulfamethoxazole, danazol, ethinylestradiol, norethisterone, methyltestosterone, hydroxyurea, chlordiazepoxide, etc. In the synthetic rubber industry, it is used as a non-coloring short-term stop agent. It is also used in the production of dyes.
Last Update：2025-08-19 16:24:40
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
lined with polyethylene plastic bags, the outer layer is packed with polypropylene woven bags or paper-plastic bags or paper barrels, each with a net weight of 25kg, 25kg or sokg per barrel. The package shall be marked with "moisture-proof. Store in a cool, ventilated warehouse. Keep away from fire and heat source. During transport to
Protection against rain, sun exposure and moisture. When loading and unloading should be handled with light, to prevent packaging damage and moisture. It is strictly prohibited to mix with oxidants, acids, alkalis, amines and edible chemicals. Fire, can use water, sand, all kinds of fire extinguishing. Toxicity and protection: This product is non-flammable, toxic. By high heat decomposition, emission of corrosive, irritating smoke (hydrogen chloride and nitrogen oxide). If you accidentally splash on the skin or eyes, you should immediately rinse with a large amount of water; When inhaling the product, you should immediately leave the scene to the fresh air, and give oxygen if necessary, drink enough warm water, emetic, and timely medical treatment. Operators should wear self-priming filter type dust masks, wear chemical safety glasses, wear anti-virus penetration work clothes, and wear latex gloves. Production equipment should be closed operation, pay attention to ventilation. Dust should be avoided. Avoid contact with oxidizing agents. When there is a fire, it can be suppressed by water, sand, or various kinds of fire extinguishing.
Last Update：2025-06-10 22:55:16
OXAMMONIUM HYDROCHLORIDE - Reference Information
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| introduction | hydroxylamine hydrochloride is colorless monoclinic crystal, soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, glycerin, insoluble in ether. It has strong hygroscopicity and gradually decomposes after being affected with damp. It also decomposes when heated above 151°C. |
| use | hydroxylamine hydrochloride can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of anticancer drugs (hydroxyurea), sulfa drugs (sulfamethoxazole) and pesticides (methomyl). Used as a raw material for medicine and organic synthesis, used as a reducing agent and imaging agent, etc. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is an intermediate of carbamate oxime insecticides such as methomyl, aldicarb, and thiophanb. It is also a raw material for the preparation of 2, 6-dichlorobenzonitrile, o-chlorobenzene oxime, etc. In the organic synthesis industry, it is used as a reducing agent to prepare oximes. It is also used in the production of medicines, dyes, color photography and film printing. It is used as a non-colored short-term stopping agent in the synthetic rubber industry, used in analytical chemistry for the inspection of aldehydes and ketones organic compounds and the micro-analysis of sulfonic acid, used as a depolarization agent in electrical analysis, and used in medicine Production of sulfamethoxazole, danazol, ethinyl estradiol, norethindrone, methyltestosterone, hydroxyurea, chloramidine, etc. This product is used for color photography and film printing. In the organic synthesis industry, it is used as a reducing agent to prepare oxime, anticancer drugs and sulfa drugs. In medicine, it is also used to produce sulfamethoxazole, danazol, ethinylestradiol, norethindrone, methyltestosterone, hydroxyurea, chlordiazene, etc. In the synthetic rubber industry, it is used as a short-term stopping agent without coloring. In analytical chemistry, it is used for the inspection of aldehydes and ketones and the microanalysis of sulfonic acid, and as a depolarization agent in electrical analysis. It is also used in the production of dyes. Used as reducing agent and imaging agent; used to prepare oxime in organic synthesis; used as depolarizer in electrical analysis; inorganic analysis reducing agent; antioxidant of fatty acid and soap; analysis of formaldehyde, camphor and glucose Etc.; organic analysis to test aldehydes and ketones; microanalysis of sulfonic acid; determination of magnesium in steel inorganic analysis of reducing agents, complexing agents, electroanalysis of depolarizers, antioxidants of fatty acids and soap, analysis of formaldehyde, camphor and glucose, organic analysis of aldehydes and ketones, trace analysis of sulfonic acid, determination of magnesium in steel, organic synthesis of oxime. Color shadow printing. Catalyst. Swelling agent. Copolymerization inhibitor. |
| Application field | Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is an important organic chemical intermediate, which is mainly used in organic synthesis reactions to prepare oxime, such as the pharmaceutical industry It is used as an intermediate of sulnuoxime and as an intermediate in the synthetic dye industry for the preparation of indigo intermediates. Because hydroxylamine hydrochloride has a good reducing effect, it is also often used as a reducing agent in industry. For example, it can be used as an antioxidant and antioxidant for fatty acids and soaps in the oil industry. |
| preparation | sodium nitrite reacts with sodium metabisulfite in water, acidifies with sulfuric acid, adds a certain amount of acetone, and neutralizes with liquid alkali. The acetone oxime is distilled, and the acetone oxime is reacted with a certain ratio of hydrochloric acid to produce hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetone. Hydrolysis of nitromethane and hydrochloric acid to produce hydroxylamine hydrochloride. |
| production method | 1. sodium nitrite synthesis method (oxime method) Add water to the reaction kettle, add sodium nitrite under stirring, add sodium metasulfite in several times, and then acidify with sulfuric acid. The acidified material is sent to the hydrolysis kettle, acetone is added, and then neutralized with liquid alkali, and the neutralized liquid is distilled to obtain acetone oxime. Acetone oxime and hydrochloric acid are added to form a salt kettle to react to produce hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetone. Acetone is recycled and used; hydroxylamine hydrochloride is concentrated, cooled and crystallized, centrifuged and dried to obtain the finished product. Raw material consumption quota: sodium nitrite (95%)1970kg/t, sodium metamisulfite (64% by SO2) 5418kg/t, acetone (98%)1175kg/t. 2. Nitromethane method Nitromethane reacts with hydrochloric acid and water to prepare hydroxylamine hydrochloride. According to HGB3044-76, hydroxylamine hydrochloride products are white crystals, with secondary product content ≥ 98.5 and tertiary product content ≥ 97%. Raw material consumption quota: nitromethane 1200kg/t, hydrochloric acid (30%)1500kg/t. the preparation method is to add water to the reaction kettle, add sodium nitrite under stirring, add sodium metabisulfite in several times, and then acidify with sulfuric acid. The acidified material is sent to the hydrolysis kettle, acetone is added, and then neutralized with liquid alkali, and the neutralized liquid is distilled to obtain acetone oxime. Acetone oxime and hydrochloric acid are added into a salt kettle to react to produce hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetone. Acetone is recycled and used; hydroxylamine hydrochloride is concentrated, cooled and crystallized, centrifuged and dried to obtain the finished product. Reaction equation: NaNO2[NaHSO3]→[H2SO4]HON(SO3Na)2[(CH3)2CH]→ HON = C(CH3)2[HCl]→ NH2OH · HCl Another production method is the nitromethane method. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is prepared by the reaction of nitromethane and hydrochloric acid. Reaction equation: CH3NO2[HCl]→[H2O]NH2OH HCl oxime method firstly adds a certain amount of water to the synthesis kettle, adds a certain amount of sodium nitrite under stirring, adds a certain amount of sodium metabisulfite in several times, and then acidifies with sulfuric acid. The acidified feed liquid is sent to the hydrolysis kettle, a certain amount of acetone is added, and then liquid alkali is added for neutralization. Inhale the neutralization liquid into the distillation kettle and distill the acetone oxime. The acetone oxime and a certain ratio of hydrochloric acid are added into the salt concentration kettle for reaction to produce hydroxylamine hydrochloride and acetone. Acetone is recycled for water supply. Hydroxylamine hydrochloride is concentrated, cooled and crystallized, centrifuged and dried to obtain the finished product of hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Its Na2S2O5 + H2O → 2NaHSO3NaNO2+2NaHS3 → HON(SO3Na)2 + NaOHNaOH + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + H2OHON(SO3Na)2 +(CH3)2CO + H2O →(CH3)2CNOH +2NaHSO4(CH3)2CNOH + HCl + H2O → NH2OH HCl +(CH3)2CO |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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